2019年全國高考真題及參考答案匯總(考后更新)—2019福建高考真題
2019年北京市高考英語考試逐題解析
第一部分:知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),45分)
第一節(jié) 語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分,共15分)
閱讀下列短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach。 I (1) ______ (voice) my biggest concern to my mother, “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice, “Be yourself。” For the past 20 years, I have lived by these words。 Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world。 Nervously (2) ______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to (3) ______ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”。
1。
[答案] voiced
[解析] 本題考查時態(tài)語態(tài);提示詞voice為動詞,整句缺少謂語動詞,主語I和動詞提示詞voice為主動關(guān)系,翻譯成“我表達(dá)…”,又因上一句的stood和下一句的handed可以確定空格時態(tài)為一般過去時;故正確答案是voiced。
2。
[答案] facing
[解析] 本題考查非謂語動詞;提示詞face為動詞,而本句的謂語動詞是know,因此可判定本題需填非謂語動詞;而非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是I和face之間為主動關(guān)系; 又通過翻譯“面臨著眾多挑戰(zhàn),我知道…” 可知,face和know為同時關(guān)系;故正確答案是facing。
3。
[答案] myself
[解析] 本題考查代詞;根據(jù)提示詞I和本句 “我會悄聲對我自己說…”的語義可知,應(yīng)填“我自己”;故正確答案是myself。
B
Earth Day, (4) ______ (mark) on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection。 First celebrated (5) ______ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions (地區(qū))。 No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various (6) ______ (activity) on Earth Day。 You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power — the possibilities are endless。
4。
[答案] marked
[解析] 本題考查非謂語動詞;提示詞mark為動詞,而本句謂語動詞為is,因此可判定本題需填非謂語動詞;mark的邏輯主語為Earth Day,主語和動詞mark之間為被動關(guān)系,且已完成;故正確答案是marked。
5。
[答案] in
[解析] 本題考查介詞;考查“in+年份”,在某年;故正確答案是in。
6。
[答案] activities
[解析] 本題考查名詞;提示詞activity為名詞,通過前面的various“各種各樣的”可知,空格應(yīng)填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式;故正確答案是activities。
C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question (7) ______ (suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t。 What students do at college seems to matter much more than (8) ______ they go。 The students benefitting most from college are those (9) ______ are totally engaged (參與) in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources (資源)。 Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and (10) ______ (meaning) college experience。
7。
[答案] suggests
[解析] 本題考查時態(tài)語態(tài);提示詞suggest為動詞,而that之前的主句部分缺少謂語動詞,主語research和suggest之間為主動關(guān)系,又因前一句的does和本句的doesn’t可確定,時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時;主語research后suggest用第三人稱單數(shù)形式;故正確答案是suggests。
8。
[答案] where
[解析] 本題考查賓語從句;通過本句可以看出,主句than后缺賓語,而從句通過翻譯“學(xué)生在大學(xué)所做的事要比他們?nèi)ツ膬褐匾亩唷笨芍钡攸c(diǎn)的語義;故正確答案是where。
9。
[答案] who
[解析] 本題考查定語從句;通過本句可以看出,主句完整,而從句不完整,缺主語,因此考查定語從句中的關(guān)系代詞;通過翻譯可知,此處代替的是students,指人;故正確答案是who。
10。
[答案] meaningful
[解析] 本題考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換;根據(jù)空格前and并列的形容詞healthy,可知空格應(yīng)填meaning的形容詞形式;故正確答案是meaningful。
第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,共30分)
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time。
A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ______ (11) free rides to college students for the past eight years。 Since he first started ______ (12) his car to the young people, Wilson has ______ (13) an astonishing 64,000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ______ (14) with the students he transports to and from school。 The students who he’s ______ (15) have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson。 Some students ______ (16) call him “Grandpa”。
Tina Stern ______ (17) rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ______ (18)。 “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in ______ (19) silence or with your headphones on?!?Stern said。 “He asks you questions and actually ______ (20) the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll ______ (21) those things。”
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation, On Point for College。 Although the ______ (22) asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ______ (23) to ensure the welfare and safety of the students。 If they have problems with registration。 Wilson is there to ______ (24) them。 If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed。 If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ______ (25) to buy them a meal。
For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely ______ (26) for them to be able to complete their college education。 Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ______ (27) vehicles with parents who work six days a week。 For them, riding with Wilson has ______ (28) them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ______ (29)。 “I just love driving, and I love these kids,” Wilson said。 “It’s such a(n) ______ (30) to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories?!?/span>
11。 A。 linking B。 sending C。 offering D。 distributing
12。 A。 donating B。 lending C。 delivering D。 volunteering
13。 A。 paved B。 covered C。 measured D。 wandered
14。 A。 arguments B。 interviews C。 negotiations D。 conversations
15。 A。 met B。 driven C。 addressed D。 greeted
16。 A。 even B。 ever C。 once D。 already
17。 A。 earned B。 received C。 assessed D。 demanded
18。 A。 transportation B。 style
C。 time D。 communication
19。 A。 forced B。 awkward C。 ridiculous D。 suspicious
20。 A。 selects B。 recites C。 guesses D。 remembers
21。 A。 act on B。 settle on C。 check on D。 agree on
22。 A。 club B。 league C。 college D。 programme
23。 A。 far B。 around C。 beyond D。 forwards
24。 A。 assist B。 watch C。 urge D。 warn
25。 A。 expects B。 attempts C。 manages D。 hesitates
26。 A。 extra B。 unusual C。 necessary D。 adequate
27。 A。 share B。 fuel C。 repair D。 exchange
28。 A。 required B。 allowed C。 reminded D。 convinced
29。 A。 experience B。 arrangement
C。 appreciation D。 employment
30。 A。 effort B。 ambition C。 privilege D。 convenience
11。
[答案] C
[解析] 本題是動詞題;根據(jù)后本句中“Wilson has been_____free rides to college students for the past eight years” ,在過去的8年間Wilson_____免費(fèi)接送大學(xué)生,可知是 Wilson主動提供(offering)免費(fèi)接送大學(xué)生。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:linking(聯(lián)系,連接),sending(發(fā)送),distributing(分配,散布);故正確答案是C。
12。
[答案] D
[解析] 本題是動詞題;根據(jù)上一句“Wilson has been offering free rides to college students ”,Wilson免費(fèi)送大學(xué)生,可知Wilson是自愿(volunteering)用他的車去接送年輕人。如果選擇其余選項(xiàng),就不是Wilson自己接送了。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:donating(捐贈),lending(借給),delivering(遞送);故正確答案是D。
13。
[答案] B
[解析] 本題是動詞題;根據(jù)本句“Wilson has _____an astonishing 64,000 miles”,可知Wilson是驅(qū)車行駛了(covered)令人吃驚的64,000英里。這里考查動詞搭配。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:paved(鋪設(shè)),measured(測量),wandered(閑逛);故正確答案是B。
14。
[答案] D
[解析] 本題是名詞題;根據(jù)第三段第二句“You’re not just sitting there in silence”你不只是沉默地坐在那里,以及第三句“He asks you questions and actually remembers the answers。”,他問你問題而且實(shí)際上記得答案,可知Wilson與學(xué)生們有無數(shù)愉快并且經(jīng)常是幽默的談話(conversations)。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:arguments(爭論),interviews(采訪,面試),negotiations(協(xié)商);故正確答案是D。
15。
[答案] B
[解析] 本題是動詞題;根據(jù)本句“The students who he’s _____have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers”,他_____所接送的學(xué)生成為內(nèi)科醫(yī)生,老師和工程師,可知who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞students,并在從句中作賓語,所以是“他開車接送(has driven)的學(xué)生”。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:met(遇見),addressed(向。。。發(fā)表演說),greeted(問候);故正確答案是B。
16。
[答案] A
[解析] 本題是副詞題;根據(jù)上一句“is finding a role model and friend in Wilson”認(rèn)為Wilson是行為榜樣和朋友,可知學(xué)生們與Wilson很親近,有些學(xué)生甚至(even)稱呼他為“爺爺”。其余選項(xiàng)含義為:ever(曾經(jīng)),once(曾經(jīng),一次),already(已經(jīng));故正確答案是A。